{"id":197874,"date":"2020-02-10T00:27:58","date_gmt":"2020-02-09T23:27:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tucuentavip.com\/es\/?p=197874"},"modified":"2020-02-10T03:44:08","modified_gmt":"2020-02-10T02:44:08","slug":"el-impacto-social-por-la-demanda-del-oro-verde-de-sudamerica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/es\/2020\/02\/10\/el-impacto-social-por-la-demanda-del-oro-verde-de-sudamerica\/","title":{"rendered":"El impacto social por la demanda del \u2018oro verde\u2019 de Sudam\u00e9rica"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ese oro verde es el aguacate, fruta originaria de Mesoam\u00e9rica, rica en grasa vegetal, vitaminas, \u00e1cidos grasos, prote\u00ednas y minerales. La alta demanda est\u00e1 impulsando la deforestaci\u00f3n de selvas y bosques por toda Latinoam\u00e9rica, para crear m\u00e1s zonas de cultivo y obtener mayores cosechas, al tiempo que la exportaci\u00f3n de la verde fruta es un importante foco de contaminaci\u00f3n.
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/span>Marnie Fiallo G\u00f3mez<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Su aceite, de propiedades antioxidantes, es utilizado en mascarillas faciales, tratamientos capilares y cremas corporales, aunque el aguacate es consumido principalmente como alimento, ya sea en ensaladas, como guarnici\u00f3n y en guacamole, la reconocida internacionalmente salsa mexicana.<\/p>\n

Esta fruta, conocida tambi\u00e9n como el \u201coro verde\u201d se cultiva en distintas variedades con diferentes caracter\u00edsticas, como el color, grosor de la piel, tama\u00f1o, e incluso hasta sus hojas son aprovechables frescas o secas como condimento de varios platos. La gran demanda de aguacate ha hecho que sus plantaciones transformen grandes extensiones de ecosistemas nativos y muchos se preguntan si es sostenible este cultivo, el cual necesita de 800 litros de agua por cada kilogramo.<\/p>\n

En Europa, el consumo de la tropical fruta ha multiplicado las importaciones en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os y en la principal zona de producci\u00f3n de la regi\u00f3n: la Axarqu\u00eda malague\u00f1a, se ha desatado una guerra por el agua.<\/p>\n

Ya es un negocio en Espa\u00f1a cultivar aguacates, al punto que muchos agricultores andaluces arrancaron sus olivos y encinares centenarios de secano para plantarlos y en Valencia se queman hect\u00e1reas de naranjos para dedicarlas al nuevo cultivo.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong>En la ciudad chilena de Petorca ya empiezan a notarse los efectos de la sobreexplotaci\u00f3n agraria provocada por la alta demanda de aguacate. Los r\u00edos y reservas de agua subterr\u00e1nea se han secado y provocado una grave sequ\u00eda en la regi\u00f3n que muchos achacan al riego de de ese cultivo.<\/p>\n

La alta demanda est\u00e1 impulsando la deforestaci\u00f3n de selvas y bosques por toda Latinoam\u00e9rica, para crear m\u00e1s zonas de cultivo y obtener mayores cosechas, al tiempo que la exportaci\u00f3n de la verde fruta es un importante foco de contaminaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

El transporte suele hacerse por avi\u00f3n entre lugares muy distantes (de Latinoam\u00e9rica a Europa, China o Estados Unidos), lo que genera una gran cantidad de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero que empeora el cambio clim\u00e1tico, tesis que fundament\u00f3 una investigaci\u00f3n de la estadounidense Universidad Estatal de Michigan.<\/p>\n

Mientras en los Estados Unidos el consumo aument\u00f3 un 443% en los \u00faltimos 20 a\u00f1os y en China, el pa\u00eds m\u00e1s poblado del planeta, tambi\u00e9n se ha puesto de moda.<\/p>\n

En M\u00e9xico, adem\u00e1s del desencadenamiento de la forestaci\u00f3n y el abuso de recursos h\u00eddricos, la cosecha del aguacate llama la atenci\u00f3n de la delincuencia que han depredado a agricultores al grado de sustraerles, v\u00eda secuestros, extorsi\u00f3n y otros delitos, m\u00e1s de 150 mil d\u00f3lares anuales, seg\u00fan el portal Insight Crime.<\/p>\n

Incluso medios de prensa de M\u00e9xico han divulgado que en San Juan Parangaricutiro peque\u00f1os agricultores hacen turnos para gestionar la seguridad de un puesto de control contra ladrones y extorsionistas de los c\u00e1rteles de la droga que asaltan los sembrados y contrabandean la fruta.<\/p>\n

Estas situaciones provocadas por el auge del consumo de aguacate no solo est\u00e1n trastocando el ecosistema, sino que el desv\u00edo de grandes cantidades de agua para el riego de las plantaciones va en detrimento tambi\u00e9n de los sistemas h\u00eddricos y de otras actividades y comunidades.<\/p>\n

\"\"Incluso la fauna ha sufrido y un ejemplo es la mariposa monarca. El cambio en el ecosistema perjudic\u00f3 directamente a la conocida como \u201cruta de la monarca<\/em>\u201d: un corredor migratorio para estos insectos que abarca miles de kil\u00f3metros y que transcurre desde Canad\u00e1 a M\u00e9xico.<\/p>\n

Muchas personas en el mundo piden a los gobiernos de los pa\u00edses m\u00e1s productores acciones apropiadas para atender y frenar los problemas y excesos, as\u00ed como que el mercado del aguacate a nivel global sea autoregulado de modo que sea una actividad sustentable, justa y protegida de abusos.<\/p>\n

Ya es un hecho la sensaci\u00f3n de miedo de los productores y habitantes de las zonas linderas a las plantaciones, ya sea por la violencia o por la sequ\u00eda de la tierra y la escasez de agua para la poblaci\u00f3n que genera la producci\u00f3n de aguacate. En esencia, hay que movilizarse por solucionar los problemas de delincuencia, da\u00f1o ecol\u00f3gico o injusticia laboral que afectan a la industria del aguacate. (PL)<\/a><\/p>\n

(Fotos: Pixabay)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tTweet<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ese oro verde es el aguacate, fruta originaria de Mesoam\u00e9rica, rica en grasa vegetal, vitaminas, \u00e1cidos grasos, prote\u00ednas y minerales. La alta demanda est\u00e1 impulsando la deforestaci\u00f3n de selvas y bosques por toda Latinoam\u00e9rica, para crear m\u00e1s zonas de cultivo y obtener mayores cosechas, al tiempo que la exportaci\u00f3n de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":197919,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32,10,12,15,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-197874","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-okologie","category-globo","category-latinoamerica","category-reino-unido","category-vida-de-hoy"],"yoast_head":"\nEl impacto social por la demanda del \u2018oro verde\u2019 de Sudam\u00e9rica - ThePrisma.co.uk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/es\/2020\/02\/10\/el-impacto-social-por-la-demanda-del-oro-verde-de-sudamerica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El impacto social por la demanda del \u2018oro verde\u2019 de Sudam\u00e9rica - ThePrisma.co.uk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ese oro verde es el aguacate, fruta originaria de Mesoam\u00e9rica, rica en grasa vegetal, vitaminas, \u00e1cidos grasos, prote\u00ednas y minerales. 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