{"id":265564,"date":"2023-09-04T00:22:33","date_gmt":"2023-09-03T23:22:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/?p=265564"},"modified":"2023-09-01T23:22:20","modified_gmt":"2023-09-01T22:22:20","slug":"la-bomba-atomica-la-historia-y-su-tragedia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/es\/2023\/09\/04\/la-bomba-atomica-la-historia-y-su-tragedia\/","title":{"rendered":"La bomba at\u00f3mica: la historia y su tragedia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Se cumplen 75 a\u00f1os de la hecatombe nuclear. Y es tiempo de recordar la historia y su tragedia: e<\/em><em>ntre el 6 y el 9 de agosto de 1945, Estados Unidos lanz\u00f3 su artefacto m\u00e1s devastador en Hiroshima y Nagasaki, las dos islas japonesas. La debacle provoc\u00f3 m\u00e1s de 135.000 muertos, 40.000 heridos, y otras 20.000 personas sufrieron los efectos de la radiactividad.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/tucuentavip.com\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-260569 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/featu-1guerra-bomba-atomica-desastre-Pixbay.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"486\" height=\"657\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/featu-1guerra-bomba-atomica-desastre-Pixbay.jpg 757w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/featu-1guerra-bomba-atomica-desastre-Pixbay-148x200.jpg 148w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/featu-1guerra-bomba-atomica-desastre-Pixbay-431x583.jpg 431w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 486px) 100vw, 486px\" \/>Juanjo Andr\u00e9s Cuervo<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Desde el inicio de la Segunda Guerra Mundial en 1939 hasta su conclusi\u00f3n en 1945, la cifra estimada de muertos fue de entre 50 millones y 85 millones de personas.<\/p>\n<p>Tras seis a\u00f1os de combate, y ante una derrota inevitable, Alemania firm\u00f3 su rendici\u00f3n el 7 de mayo de 1945.<\/p>\n<p>Sin embargo, ah\u00ed no termin\u00f3 el conflicto b\u00e9lico. Todav\u00eda quedaba uno de los episodios m\u00e1s cruentos en la historia reciente. Para finalizar la guerra, Harry Truman, presidente de los Estados Unidos, dio la orden de lanzar bombas at\u00f3micas en Jap\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>Habiendo calificado a la bomba at\u00f3mica como \u201cla bomba m\u00e1s terrible en la historia\u201d, era obvio que el presidente americano conoc\u00eda perfectamente las consecuencias devastadoras de aquella acci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>Y, aun as\u00ed, Harry Truman decidi\u00f3 usar este artefacto para fulminar dos islas japonesas, Hiroshima y Nagasaki.<\/p>\n<p>El resultado asegur\u00f3 a los Aliados la victoria final, y a Estados Unidos en particular, la consagraci\u00f3n como naci\u00f3n dominante en armamento nuclear.<\/p>\n<p>Esta acci\u00f3n ha pasado a la historia como una de las mayores atrocidades de un conflicto b\u00e9lico. Las cifras as\u00ed lo atestiguan. M\u00e1s de 100.000 personas murieron en Hiroshima, y otras 20.000 sufrieron las consecuencias de la radiactividad, provocando una cruel agon\u00eda hasta el final de sus vidas. Por otro lado, la bomba lanzada en Nagasaki el 9 de agosto, caus\u00f3 entre 35.000 y 40.000 muertos, y m\u00e1s de 40.000 heridos.<\/p>\n<p><strong>La expansi\u00f3n japonesa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Antes de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Jap\u00f3n hab\u00eda extendido su dominio a trav\u00e9s de Asia a un ritmo fren\u00e9tico, convirti\u00e9ndose en la naci\u00f3n m\u00e1s poderosa del continente. Eventualmente, plasm\u00f3 su supremac\u00eda en el mundo oriental a trav\u00e9s de una alianza con Alemania e Italia, mediante la elaboraci\u00f3n del Pacto Tripartito el 27 de septiembre de 1940.<\/p>\n<p>Con el objetivo de formar una coalici\u00f3n de naciones asi\u00e1ticas libres de la influencia europea, en julio de 1941, los japoneses dirigieron su ej\u00e9rcito hacia el sur de Indochina, territorio controlado por Francia.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-179676 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Hiroshima-explosion-nuclear-bomba-violencia-guerra-Pixabay-e1523566697257.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"487\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Hiroshima-explosion-nuclear-bomba-violencia-guerra-Pixabay-e1523566697257.jpg 440w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Hiroshima-explosion-nuclear-bomba-violencia-guerra-Pixabay-e1523566697257-300x184.jpg 300w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Hiroshima-explosion-nuclear-bomba-violencia-guerra-Pixabay-e1523566697257-90x55.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 487px) 100vw, 487px\" \/>Este fue el detonante para que pa\u00edses europeos, como el Reino Unido y Pa\u00edses Bajos, junto a los Estados Unidos, realizaran una serie de medidas para bloquear el desarrollo econ\u00f3mico del pa\u00eds asi\u00e1tico.<\/p>\n<p>Entre otros, se incluyeron una serie de embargos comerciales, y una disminuci\u00f3n del 90% en el suministro de petr\u00f3leo que perjudic\u00f3 los intereses de Jap\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pearl Harbor, Hiroshima y Nagasaki<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ante esta coyuntura, el 7 de diciembre de 1941, el ej\u00e9rcito japon\u00e9s realiz\u00f3 un ataque contra la base naval de los Estados Unidos en Pearl Harbor. La maniobra buscaba evitar la intervenci\u00f3n de la Flota del Pac\u00edfico de Estados Unidos en Asia. Inevitablemente, los americanos usaron este aliciente para entrar de forma activa en el conflicto b\u00e9lico, declarando la guerra a Jap\u00f3n. Durante los cuatro a\u00f1os siguientes, los estadounidenses libraron una dura contienda contra los nipones en Asia.<\/p>\n<p>Tras la rendici\u00f3n de Alemania en 1945, los japoneses no encontraron apoyos en las grandes potencias, y los l\u00edderes de los Estados Unidos decidieron ejecutar su arma secreta, \u201cEl Proyecto Manhattan\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Este proyecto, desarrollado en colaboraci\u00f3n con el Reino Unido y Canad\u00e1, ten\u00eda el objetivo de desarrollar la primera bomba at\u00f3mica de la historia.<\/p>\n<p>Para ello, se invirtieron miles de horas y billones de d\u00f3lares. El objetivo era evidente: crear un arma de destrucci\u00f3n masiva que sembrara el caos, y que sirviese de advertencia sobre el inigualable potencial norteamericano.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-179682 \" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Hiroshima-Pixabay.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"486\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Hiroshima-Pixabay.jpg 389w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Hiroshima-Pixabay-100x75.jpg 100w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Hiroshima-Pixabay-266x200.jpg 266w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Hiroshima-Pixabay-73x55.jpg 73w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 486px) 100vw, 486px\" \/><\/strong>Despu\u00e9s de llevar a cabo una prueba el 16 de julio de 1945 en Nuevo M\u00e9xico, y comprobar la capacidad devastadora de la bomba at\u00f3mica, Estados Unidos decidi\u00f3 finalizar la guerra, asestando un golpe letal.<\/p>\n<p>Entonces, asolada por la explosi\u00f3n de la bomba y la contaminaci\u00f3n at\u00f3mica, Jap\u00f3n se rindi\u00f3 el 15 de agosto de 1945. Finalmente, el 2 de septiembre, culmin\u00f3 oficialmente la Segunda Guerra Mundial.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/pixabay.com\"><em>(Fotos: Pixabay)<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"twttr_buttons\"><div class=\"twttr_twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=La+bomba+at%C3%B3mica%3A+la+historia+y+su+tragedia\" class=\"twitter-share-button\" data-via=\"\" data-hashtags=\"\"  data-size=\"default\" data-url=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/es\/2023\/09\/04\/la-bomba-atomica-la-historia-y-su-tragedia\/\" data-dnt=\"true\" data-related=\"\" target=\"_blank\">Tweet<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Se cumplen 75 a\u00f1os de la hecatombe nuclear. Y es tiempo de recordar la historia y su tragedia: entre el 6 y el 9 de agosto de 1945, Estados Unidos lanz\u00f3 su artefacto m\u00e1s devastador en Hiroshima y Nagasaki, las dos islas japonesas. La debacle provoc\u00f3 m\u00e1s de 135.000 muertos, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":264177,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,10,11,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-265564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-en-foco","category-globo","category-mundo","category-opinion"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La bomba at\u00f3mica: la historia y su tragedia - ThePrisma.co.uk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2023\/09\/04\/the-atomic-bomb-history-and-its-tragedy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La bomba at\u00f3mica: la historia y su tragedia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Se cumplen 75 a\u00f1os de la hecatombe nuclear. 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Y es tiempo de recordar la historia y su tragedia: entre el 6 y el 9 de agosto de 1945, Estados Unidos lanz\u00f3 su artefacto m\u00e1s devastador en Hiroshima y Nagasaki, las dos islas japonesas. La debacle provoc\u00f3 m\u00e1s de 135.000 muertos, 40.000 heridos, y otras 20.000 personas sufrieron los efectos de la radiactividad.","twitter_image":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/armas-bomba-nuclear-pixabay.jpg","twitter_creator":"@The_Prisma","twitter_site":"@The_Prisma","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"ThePrisma","Tiempo de lectura":"4 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2023\/09\/04\/the-atomic-bomb-history-and-its-tragedy\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2023\/09\/04\/the-atomic-bomb-history-and-its-tragedy\/"},"author":{"name":"ThePrisma","@id":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/#\/schema\/person\/24f5091d3dc50052d73cbea6ecd09df7"},"headline":"La bomba at\u00f3mica: la historia y su tragedia","datePublished":"2023-09-03T23:22:33+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2023\/09\/04\/the-atomic-bomb-history-and-its-tragedy\/"},"wordCount":730,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2023\/09\/04\/the-atomic-bomb-history-and-its-tragedy\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/iRAK-GUERRA-pIXABAY-2.jpg","articleSection":["En Foco","Globo","Mundo","Opini\u00f3n"],"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2023\/09\/04\/the-atomic-bomb-history-and-its-tragedy\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2023\/09\/04\/the-atomic-bomb-history-and-its-tragedy\/","url":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2023\/09\/04\/the-atomic-bomb-history-and-its-tragedy\/","name":"La bomba at\u00f3mica: la historia y su tragedia - 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