{"id":274008,"date":"2024-05-20T00:27:48","date_gmt":"2024-05-19T23:27:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/?p=274008"},"modified":"2024-05-17T23:14:01","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T22:14:01","slug":"mitos-y-verdades-de-la-migracion-africana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/es\/2024\/05\/20\/mitos-y-verdades-de-la-migracion-africana\/","title":{"rendered":"Mitos y verdades de la migraci\u00f3n africana"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>El continente negro, \u00c1frica no ocupa el primer lugar en lo que se refiere a la salida al exterior de sus habitantes. Compilaciones estad\u00edsticas de la OIM y de la Uni\u00f3n Africana calculan que, con un saldo mundial de 258 millones de migrantes, apenas 36 millones eran oriundos de esta parte del orbe; es decir, solo un 14%.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-251503\" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Multicultura-africanos-diversidad-negra-Pixabay.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"512\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Multicultura-africanos-diversidad-negra-Pixabay.jpg 960w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Multicultura-africanos-diversidad-negra-Pixabay-297x200.jpg 297w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Multicultura-africanos-diversidad-negra-Pixabay-82x55.jpg 82w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Multicultura-africanos-diversidad-negra-Pixabay-650x438.jpg 650w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/em>Historias cotidianas de naufragios y muertes en fr\u00e1giles embarcaciones hacen creer que la mayor\u00eda de los migrantes africanos intenta salir del continente, pero la realidad es distinta.<\/p>\n<p>Un informe de la Organizaci\u00f3n Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM) se\u00f1al\u00f3 que en 2019 m\u00e1s de 21 millones de africanos viv\u00edan fuera del suelo natal, aunque dentro del territorio de su continente.<\/p>\n<p>Al mismo tiempo, creci\u00f3 el n\u00famero de residentes en otras zonas del planeta, al pasar de aproximadamente 17 millones en 2015 a cerca de 19 millones en 2019. Esta din\u00e1mica de movimiento migratorio se mantiene actualmente. Dentro de \u00c1frica, buena parte de las salidas al exterior ocurren en la regi\u00f3n norte\u00f1a: en 2019, ilustr\u00f3 la OIM, Egipto ten\u00eda la cifra m\u00e1s alta de nacionales residentes en el extranjero, seguido de Marruecos, Sud\u00e1n del Sur, Somalia, el Sud\u00e1n y Argelia.<\/p>\n<p>Algunos de los mayores corredores, vinculan a territorios como Argelia, Marruecos y T\u00fanez, a Francia, Espa\u00f1a e Italia, lo cual refleja en alguna medida los v\u00ednculos poscoloniales y la proximidad geogr\u00e1fica.<\/p>\n<p>En tanto, los que van de Sud\u00e1n del Sur a Uganda y de Somalia a Etiop\u00eda, son el resultado de los desplazamientos a gran escala causados por conflictos internos, se\u00f1al\u00f3 el informe.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-229508 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Diversidad-negro-mujeres-africa-racismo-multicultural-Pixabay.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"505\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Diversidad-negro-mujeres-africa-racismo-multicultural-Pixabay.jpg 941w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Diversidad-negro-mujeres-africa-racismo-multicultural-Pixabay-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Diversidad-negro-mujeres-africa-racismo-multicultural-Pixabay-98x55.jpg 98w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Diversidad-negro-mujeres-africa-racismo-multicultural-Pixabay-650x366.jpg 650w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\" \/><\/strong>Tambi\u00e9n existen importantes rutas de movimiento laboral hacia los estados del golfo P\u00e9rsico, por ejemplo, de Egipto a Arabia Saudita y los Emiratos \u00c1rabes Unidos.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Migraciones internas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No obstante, m\u00e1s de la mitad de los principales corredores migratorios en \u00c1frica son internos. El de Burkina Faso a la vecina Costa de Marfil constituye el segundo m\u00e1s grande de todo el continente, dice la OIM. Para el \u00e1rea subsahariana, los expertos avalan la primac\u00eda de los desplazamientos intrarregional y hacia otras zonas del territorio continental. Sin embargo, la realidad suele ser tergiversada.<\/p>\n<p>Las investigadoras cubanas Mar\u00eda Elena \u00c1lvarez y Evelyn L\u00f3pez, del Instituto Superior de Relaciones Internacionales Ra\u00fal Roa Garc\u00eda (La Habana) en un art\u00edculo titulado \u201cLas migraciones africanas en la contemporaneidad: singularidades m\u00e1s relevantes\u201d, afirman que los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n occidentales, as\u00ed como los discursos pol\u00edticos, en particular los de la extrema derecha, manipulan el fen\u00f3meno.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cM\u00e1s que tratarlos como migrantes los clasifican como forasteros peligrosos\u201d, dicen.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-257704 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Colera-africa-enfermedad-Pixnio.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"512\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Colera-africa-enfermedad-Pixnio.jpg 750w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Colera-africa-enfermedad-Pixnio-281x200.jpg 281w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Colera-africa-enfermedad-Pixnio-431x307.jpg 431w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/>De acuerdo con el experto Mbuyi Kabunda, Costa de Marfil, Nigeria, Rep\u00fablica Democr\u00e1tica del Congo, Sud\u00e1frica, Kenya, Botswana y Zambia siempre han sido y son tierras de inmigraci\u00f3n, y han acogido a m\u00e1s inmigrantes africanos que Europa.<\/p>\n<p>Por lo tanto, existe una polarizaci\u00f3n de movimientos migratorios hacia los pa\u00edses con altos \u00edndices de crecimiento econ\u00f3mico y pol\u00edticamente m\u00e1s estable e, incluso, ocurren desplazamientos contrarios en el caso de producirse depresiones o conflictos en naciones receptoras, explica Kabunda. De igual modo, las guerras de \u00c1frica central \u2013Grandes Lagos\u2013 y occidental \u2013regi\u00f3n del r\u00edo Mano\u2013 convirtieron a pa\u00edses como Angola, Rep\u00fablica Democr\u00e1tica del Congo, Sud\u00e1n, Ruanda, Congo Brazzaville, Liberia, Sierra Leona y Costa de Marfil en exportadores de refugiados y emigrantes hacia las naciones vecinas u otras regiones del continente.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1lvarez y L\u00f3pez insisten en que hay pa\u00edses que hist\u00f3ricamente han sido receptores: Costa de Marfil, Nigeria, Rep\u00fablica Democr\u00e1tica del Congo, Sud\u00e1frica, Kenya, Botswana y Zambia.<\/p>\n<p>Por otro lado, la mayor\u00eda de las migraciones africanas, opinaron las analistas, no est\u00e1n asociadas ni al conflicto ni a la pobreza extrema per se: \u201cNo suelen migrar los que menos tienen, sino los que han conseguido cierto nivel adquisitivo como para poder asumir los costos del desplazamiento\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-261321\" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pobreza-haiti-ninos-negro-afric-escla-multicul-Pixabay.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"499\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pobreza-haiti-ninos-negro-afric-escla-multicul-Pixabay.jpg 1088w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pobreza-haiti-ninos-negro-afric-escla-multicul-Pixabay-300x177.jpg 300w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pobreza-haiti-ninos-negro-afric-escla-multicul-Pixabay-1024x605.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pobreza-haiti-ninos-negro-afric-escla-multicul-Pixabay-431x255.jpg 431w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pobreza-haiti-ninos-negro-afric-escla-multicul-Pixabay-862x509.jpg 862w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pobreza-haiti-ninos-negro-afric-escla-multicul-Pixabay-810x480.jpg 810w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\" \/>Esta l\u00f3gica tambi\u00e9n impera a escala estatal; no son los pa\u00edses m\u00e1s pobres los que emiten m\u00e1s migrantes, sino los que han adquirido un cierto grado de desarrollo.<\/p>\n<p>La mayor\u00eda de los africanos, argumentaron, \u201csolo migra si tiene capacidades y aspiraciones personales para ello. Los que cubren distancias m\u00e1s largas suelen contar con ciertos recursos econ\u00f3micos y estar alfabetizados y cualificados, mientras que los m\u00e1s pobres y con menor nivel de escolaridad tienden a migrar menos y a destinos m\u00e1s cercanos\u201d. Tal tendencia denota el abusivo robo de cerebro a los estados m\u00e1s empobrecidos, que ven salir a\u00f1o tras a\u00f1o a sus profesionales hacia otras tierras prometedoras de mejor futuro, seg\u00fan reconocen evaluaciones de las Naciones Unidas. PL<\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #003366;\">(Fotos: Pixabay)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"twttr_buttons\"><div class=\"twttr_twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=Mitos+y+verdades+de+la+migraci%C3%B3n+africana\" class=\"twitter-share-button\" data-via=\"\" data-hashtags=\"\"  data-size=\"default\" data-url=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/es\/2024\/05\/20\/mitos-y-verdades-de-la-migracion-africana\/\" data-dnt=\"true\" data-related=\"\" target=\"_blank\">Tweet<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El continente negro, \u00c1frica no ocupa el primer lugar en lo que se refiere a la salida al exterior de sus habitantes. Compilaciones estad\u00edsticas de la OIM y de la Uni\u00f3n Africana calculan que, con un saldo mundial de 258 millones de migrantes, apenas 36 millones eran oriundos de esta [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":228628,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,21,11,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-274008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-globo","category-migrantes","category-mundo","category-reino-unido"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mitos y verdades de la migraci\u00f3n africana - ThePrisma.co.uk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2024\/05\/20\/myths-and-facts-about-african-migration\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mitos y verdades de la migraci\u00f3n africana\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El continente negro, \u00c1frica no ocupa el primer lugar en lo que se refiere a la salida al exterior de sus habitantes. Compilaciones estad\u00edsticas de la OIM y de la Uni\u00f3n Africana calculan que, con un saldo mundial de 258 millones de migrantes, apenas 36 millones eran oriundos de esta parte del orbe; es decir, solo un 14%.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2024\/05\/20\/myths-and-facts-about-african-migration\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ThePrisma.co.uk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ThePrismaTheMulticulturalNewspaper\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-05-19T23:27:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Diversidad-negro-mujeres-africa-racismo-multicultural-Pixabay.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"941\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"530\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"ThePrisma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@The_Prisma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@The_Prisma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"ThePrisma\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/20\\\/myths-and-facts-about-african-migration\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/20\\\/myths-and-facts-about-african-migration\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"ThePrisma\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/24f5091d3dc50052d73cbea6ecd09df7\"},\"headline\":\"Mitos y verdades de la migraci\u00f3n africana\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-05-19T23:27:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/20\\\/myths-and-facts-about-african-migration\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":812,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/20\\\/myths-and-facts-about-african-migration\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/Africa-globo-mundo-Pixabay.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Globo\",\"Migrantes\",\"Mundo\",\"Reino Unido\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/20\\\/myths-and-facts-about-african-migration\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/20\\\/myths-and-facts-about-african-migration\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/theprisma.co.uk\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/20\\\/myths-and-facts-about-african-migration\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mitos y verdades de la migraci\u00f3n africana - 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