{"id":294811,"date":"2026-09-07T00:25:08","date_gmt":"2026-09-06T23:25:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/?p=294811"},"modified":"2026-09-05T21:07:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T20:07:57","slug":"memorias-rusas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/es\/2026\/09\/07\/memorias-rusas\/","title":{"rendered":"Memorias rusas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>En la introducci\u00f3n a una peque\u00f1a e invaluable colecci\u00f3n de memorias de Maxim Gorki (1868-1936), el escritor sudafricano J. M. Coetzee ofrece informaci\u00f3n importante sobre el autor y su relaci\u00f3n conflictiva con sus compa\u00f1eros revolucionarios en Rusia antes y despu\u00e9s de la Revoluci\u00f3n bolchevique.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-294827\" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalamov-book-cover.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"291\" height=\"464\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalamov-book-cover.jpg 476w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalamov-book-cover-126x200.jpg 126w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalamov-book-cover-431x686.jpg 431w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 291px) 100vw, 291px\" \/>Sean Sheehan<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El libro, publicado por primera vez en 1920 y ampliado posteriormente para incluir memorias de Ant\u00f3n Ch\u00e9jov y Leonid Andr\u00e9yev, tiene su n\u00facleo en las conversaciones de Gorki con Tolst\u00f3i (1828-1910) y en sus observaciones sobre \u00e9l.<\/p>\n<p>Aunque no fue tan ambivalente como su relaci\u00f3n con el bolchevismo, Gorki y Tolst\u00f3i nunca fueron almas gemelas, y exist\u00eda una diferencia de clase de la que el escritor m\u00e1s joven era muy consciente: \u201cQuiz\u00e1 para \u00e9l un campesino no sea m\u00e1s que un olor desagradable; puede olerlo en todas partes a donde va y no puede evitar hablar de ello\u201d; Gorki tambi\u00e9n se\u00f1ala que el propio inter\u00e9s de Tolst\u00f3i por \u00e9l era \u201cetnogr\u00e1fico\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Tales comentarios parecen m\u00e1s duros de lo que deber\u00edan porque ambos sent\u00edan una curiosidad mutua por el otro y cada uno admiraba las cualidades del otro como escritor y como individuo.<\/p>\n<p>Sus personalidades y su pol\u00edtica eran muy diferentes, y Gorki rechazaba la \u201cno acci\u00f3n\u201d y la \u201cno resistencia al mal\u201d, identificando tales \u201cpredicaciones nebulosas\u201d como \u201cenvenenadas por el fanatismo mongol\u201d y \u201cqu\u00edmicamente opuestas\u201d a \u201cOccidente y su incansable producci\u00f3n creativa\u201d. En igual medida, sin embargo, se sent\u00eda atra\u00eddo por el implacable cuestionamiento que Tolst\u00f3i hac\u00eda del pensamiento perezoso, el lenguaje deficiente y las formas convencionales de piedad. Gorki tambi\u00e9n siente una enorme admiraci\u00f3n por Ch\u00e9jov y por c\u00f3mo, detr\u00e1s de la aparente banalidad de su ficci\u00f3n, se encuentra \u201cla tragedia de las trivialidades de la vida\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-294825\" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Book-cobver-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"287\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Book-cobver-2.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Book-cobver-2-134x200.jpg 134w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Book-cobver-2-687x1024.jpg 687w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Book-cobver-2-431x642.jpg 431w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Book-cobver-2-862x1284.jpg 862w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 287px) 100vw, 287px\" \/><\/strong>Una generaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s tarde, Varlam Shal\u00e1mov (1907-82) traslada a Mosc\u00fa y encuentra all\u00ed \u201cuna vasta universidad de la cultura\u201d: una explosi\u00f3n de artistas de vanguardia, revistas, manifiestos y movimientos (entre ellos los Futuristas Comunistas y los Nada\u00edstas).<\/p>\n<p>Solo leer en sus memorias sobre la escena art\u00edstica rusa de la d\u00e9cada de 1920 resulta emocionante y, aunque muchos de los nombres est\u00e1n ahora pr\u00e1cticamente olvidados (como Aleksandr Voronski, un buen amigo de Lenin), hay figuras ilustres como Bogd\u00e1nov, Lunacharski y Maiakovski, escritores emergentes como <a href=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2025\/11\/24\/a-ural-gemstone-in-bulgakovs-narrative\/\">Mikhail Bulgakov<\/a> y consagrados como Gorki.<\/p>\n<p>Se descubre que el joven escritor <a href=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/2024\/02\/12\/in-memory-of-the-future\/\">Andrey Platonov<\/a> enviaba a Gorki la mayor parte de lo que escrib\u00eda, solo para que este le aconsejara que no intentara publicar sus dos primeras novelas y decenas de relatos cortos; \u201cretrasando durante muchos a\u00f1os el desarrollo de este gran talento original\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Shal\u00e1mov, en esos preciosos pocos a\u00f1os posteriores a octubre de 1917, fue testigo de la historia en su momento m\u00e1s heroico, y esta resuena a trav\u00e9s de las p\u00e1ginas de \u201c<em>Los a\u00f1os veinte<\/em>\u201d: aqu\u00ed encontramos a Mija\u00edl Guer\u00e1simov, el arque\u00f3logo y antrop\u00f3logo, \u201chojeando las p\u00e1ginas impregnadas de olor a tinta de su libro reci\u00e9n publicado\u201d con su \u201cdesgastada t\u00fanica verde de la Guerra Civil, un abrigo del Ej\u00e9rcito Rojo con brillantes ojales y unos viejos pantalones militares\u201d. El funeral del escritor Dmitri Furmanov le hace recordar haber visto la bandera negra que a\u00fan ondeaba sobre el Club de los Anarquistas de Mosc\u00fa en 1921.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_294832\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-294832\" style=\"width: 476px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-294832\" src=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalarnov-BW-Gemini-generated-IA.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"476\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalarnov-BW-Gemini-generated-IA.jpeg 1308w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalarnov-BW-Gemini-generated-IA-300x164.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalarnov-BW-Gemini-generated-IA-1024x561.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalarnov-BW-Gemini-generated-IA-431x236.jpeg 431w, https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Varlam-Shalarnov-BW-Gemini-generated-IA-862x473.jpeg 862w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-294832\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Varlam Shalarnov\/ Imagen generada por Gemini IA.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Cathy Porter, la traductora, ofrece una introducci\u00f3n informativa que nutre considerablemente a esta peque\u00f1a e igualmente invaluable colecci\u00f3n de memorias.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cRecuerdos de Tolst\u00f3i, Ch\u00e9jov y Andr\u00e9yev\u201d<\/em>, de Maxim Gorki, es publicado por <a href=\"https:\/\/fitzcarraldoeditions.com\/books\/reminiscences-of-tolstoy-chekhov-and-andreyev\/\">Fitzcarraldo Editions<\/a>. <em>\u201cLos a\u00f1os veinte\u201d<\/em>, de Varlam Shal\u00e1mov, es publicado por <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rabrab.net\/shop\/p\/shalamov\">Rab-Rab Press<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">(Traducido por Camila M\u00e1rquez)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"twttr_buttons\"><div class=\"twttr_twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=Memorias+rusas\" class=\"twitter-share-button\" data-via=\"\" data-hashtags=\"\"  data-size=\"default\" data-url=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/es\/2026\/09\/07\/memorias-rusas\/\" data-dnt=\"true\" data-related=\"\" target=\"_blank\">Tweet<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En la introducci\u00f3n a una peque\u00f1a e invaluable colecci\u00f3n de memorias de Maxim Gorki (1868-1936), el escritor sudafricano J. M. Coetzee ofrece informaci\u00f3n importante sobre el autor y su relaci\u00f3n conflictiva con sus compa\u00f1eros revolucionarios en Rusia antes y despu\u00e9s de la Revoluci\u00f3n bolchevique. &nbsp; Sean Sheehan \u00a0 El libro, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":294829,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,14,7,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-294811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-cultura","category-en-foco","category-opinion","category-plastica"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Memorias rusas - ThePrisma.co.uk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/theprisma.co.uk\/?p=294810\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Memorias rusas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En la introducci\u00f3n a una peque\u00f1a e invaluable colecci\u00f3n de memorias de Maxim Gorki (1868-1936), el escritor sudafricano J. 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